# Yield

> Part of: [Performance & Outcomes](/performance.md) · Provider: [DutchGreenhouses](/)

Greenhouse yield is measured in kilograms per square metre per year rather than per hectare, because a facility earns against its footprint. Cultivar sets the range before any system is specified, and the greenhouse contributes largely through how much light it delivers to the crop.

## Facts
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Metric | Per square metre of floor kg/m² per year |
| Tomato yield range by cultivar type | 28–90 kg/m² |
| Light-to-yield relationship | 1 % yield per % light |
| Where the highest yield is not the best business | Once labour is counted condition |
| Carbon dioxide enrichment level | 800 ppm |

Performance

# Yield.

    Kilos per square metre. The number the bank looks at.

## Per square metre, not per hectare

## The unit tells you everything

Field farming counts tonnes per hectare. Greenhouses count kilos per square metre.

That is not a technicality. A greenhouse costs money per square metre to build and per square metre to heat, so it has to earn on the same basis. It is why the Dutch never chased size. They chased intensity.

## Cultivar decides more than technology does

On tomato, published yields run from about 28 kilos per square metre for cherry types to around 90 for beef.

That is a threefold spread, and it is settled before anyone specifies a single system.

Worth knowing before you chase the top of that range: once you count the labour, the bottom line across types often lands in the same place. The heaviest cropper is not automatically the one that pays.

## What the greenhouse actually contributes is light

Inside the range a crop can use, one percent more light is about one percent more yield.

That one rule explains most of the design. It is why the roof puts as little steel as possible over the crop. Why the covering is specified to the decimal. Why lamps get sized against the daylight a site is actually short of, month by month.

Carbon dioxide at around 800 ppm, a stable climate and a controlled root zone then decide how much of that light the crop can turn into fruit.

## The part you cannot buy back

Climate strategy, feeding, enrichment — all of it can be improved in a greenhouse that already stands.

Light cannot. Transmission is fixed the day the structure is designed, and no equipment installed later gives back daylight the building threw away.

So the yield conversation happens before the steel is ordered, not after.

DutchGreenhouses® sizes the structure, climate, water and light against a yield target for a named cultivar — so the number in your business case is one the building can actually reach. Get in touch with your crop and your market, and we will model it.

From the knowledge base

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## FAQ
**How is greenhouse yield measured?**
In kilograms per square metre per year, not per hectare. That unit reflects what the facility is: an investment earning against its footprint and its energy bill rather than against land area. It is also why the Dutch sector optimised for intensity instead of scale.

**What determines how much a greenhouse yields?**
Cultivar first. Published tomato yields run from roughly 28 kilograms per square metre for cherry types to around 90 for beef, before any system is chosen. What the greenhouse then contributes runs largely through light, carbon dioxide enrichment and climate stability.

**Does the highest-yielding cultivar make the most money?**
Not necessarily. Once labour is counted the bottom line across cultivar types often converges, because higher-yielding fruit is frequently more labour-intensive per kilogram. Yield is the headline number in a business case, not the conclusion of one.

**Can yield be raised after a greenhouse is built?**
Partly. Climate strategy, enrichment and irrigation can all be improved in an existing facility. What cannot be recovered is light: transmission is set by the structure and covering at design time, and supplemental lighting only adds photons at an energy cost.

## Related
[Performance & Outcomes](/performance.md) · [Light Transmission](/performance/light-transmission.md) · [Energy Use](/performance/energy-use.md) · [Year-Round Production](/performance/climate-resilience.md) · [Growlights](/growlights.md) · [CO2 Enrichment](/climate/co2-enrichment.md) · [Hydroponics](/irrigation/hydroponics.md) · [Crop Steering](/glossary/crop-steering.md) · [Plant Load](/glossary/plant-load.md) · [Tomatoes](/vegetables/tomatoes.md)

## See also
https://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176