# Climate > Part of: [Greenhouse Horticulture](/greenhouse-horticulture.md) · Provider: [DutchGreenhouses](/) Climate systems hold temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide inside the band a crop needs, whatever the weather does outside. No single device manages it: heating, cooling, humidity control and enrichment each hold one variable, and the climate computer coordinates them because every one of them disturbs the others. ## Facts | Property | Value | |---|---| | Sector energy use per square metre | 0.99 GJ/m² per year | | Sector CO2 emission per square metre | 37 kg CO₂/m² | | Dutch greenhouse area | 10038 ha | | Share of energy supply that is CO2-free | 26 % | | Binding 2030 residual-emission target | 4.3 Mton CO₂-eq | Technology # Climate systems. Whatever happens outside, the crop never notices. The promise of a high-tech greenhouse is captured in a single idea: whatever happens outside, the crop never notices. Delivering that means holding the growing climate — a constantly shifting equilibrium of temperature, humidity, light and CO₂ — steady in the crop’s ideal band while the weather beyond the glass does whatever it likes. No single device achieves it; a set of complementary systems working under one control strategy does. That discipline has a name — controlled-environment agriculture — and climate is its core. Each system holds one part of that equilibrium. Heating and cooling hold the temperature line, keeping the crop warm on cold nights and shedding heat on hot afternoons. Humidity control keeps transpiration healthy by managing the vapour pressure deficit, so the crop drinks steadily and condensation — and the fungal disease it invites — is avoided. CO₂ enrichment feeds photosynthesis its raw material, lifting yield when light is plentiful. And because these systems constantly interact — a screen changes the heating load, ventilation dumps CO₂ along with heat — they are coordinated by the climate computer rather than run independently. Which systems a given project actually needs, and how much of each, follows directly from the local climate profile rather than from a fixed template. Heating dominates the design in cold climates, where the challenge is retaining warmth through long winters. Cooling and humidity control dominate in hot and humid ones, where shedding heat and moisture is the daily battle. Mediterranean sites shift the balance again — summer shading matters more than winter heating — while continental ones have to cover both extremes within a single year. Most locations need a blend, sized to the extremes the site will actually see across three years of data, not to its comfortable averages. Getting that mix right — enough capacity to hold the line on the worst day, without paying for systems the climate never calls on — is the essence of climate engineering, and it is where the crop’s performance and the operation’s running costs are both decided. Where the outdoor climate is written off rather than tempered, the same job is handed to indoor-farming climate systems, which build the entire environment mechanically. Explore the individual systems below, or send your location and let the climate profile tell us which ones earn their place. Get in touch to design your climate systems. Systems ## The climate toolkit. ### Heating Pipe rail, hot air and buffer systems ### Cooling From ventilation to mechanical cooling ### Humidity Control Managing VPD and condensation risk ### HortiCoolers Active cooling for hot climates ### CO2 Enrichment Feeding photosynthesis directly ## What does your climate demand? Send your location — the profile tells us which systems earn their place. Get in touch From the knowledge base ## Reads you might find interesting ceacultivationbusiness-case ### Grow Like a Pro: Starting Smart, Growing Strong How Grow Like a Pro combines smart farming, CEA technology and local partnerships for eco-friendly, profitable, pesticide-free greenhouse pr Read article education ### The Case for a College Greenhouse Why a college greenhouse belongs in the curriculum: teaching science, craftsmanship, business logic and sustainability, and preparing studen Read article education ### The Case for a High School Greenhouse Why every high school greenhouse matters: how it makes STEM tangible, builds responsibility and teamwork, and helps students discover their Read article education ### Greenhouses in Education: The Case for Schools Greenhouses in education reconnect students to reality — the full case for why every school, high school, college and trade program should h Read article historyconstruction ### The Origins of Greenhouse Horticulture: My Backyard A tour through greenhouse horticulture history: from 19th-century Westland fruit walls to the “City of Glass” and today’s international high Read article company ### DutchGreenhouses Rebranded: A New Corporate Identity Announcing our new corporate identity — a visual style reflecting our dedication to advanced, high-quality greenhouse projects and The Futur Read article ## FAQ **What is greenhouse climate control?** Climate control is the coordinated management of temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide inside the greenhouse. Heating, cooling, humidity control and CO2 enrichment each hold one variable, and a climate computer runs them together because changing any one of them moves the others. **How is greenhouse temperature and humidity controlled together?** Through one control strategy rather than separate devices. Venting to shed heat also exports moisture and carbon dioxide, and warming the pipes to dry the air pushes the temperature up. The climate computer weighs those interactions continuously against a target for each variable. **Which climate systems does a greenhouse actually need?** That follows the local climate profile rather than a standard specification. Heating dominates the design in cold climates, cooling and humidity control in hot and humid ones. Most locations need a blend, sized to the extremes a site really sees rather than to its averages. **What does a climate computer do?** It executes the grower's setpoints by driving every actuator in the greenhouse at once, hour by hour: heating pipes, vents, screens, lighting, irrigation and CO2 dosing. Its value lies in arbitrating between systems whose goals conflict. ## Related [Greenhouse Horticulture](/greenhouse-horticulture.md) · [Heating](/climate/heating.md) · [Cooling](/climate/cooling.md) · [CO2 Enrichment](/climate/co2-enrichment.md) · [Humidity Control](/climate/humidity-control.md) · [Screening](/screening.md) · [Climate Computer](/glossary/climate-computer.md) · [Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD)](/glossary/vapor-pressure-deficit-vpd.md)